Final answer:
Hedonism is a philosophical approach that promotes the enhancement of physical pleasure and reduction of pain. It takes into account not only bodily pleasure but also emotional and mental pleasure and pain. Examples include Epicureanism and Utilitarianism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hedonism is the philosophy that promotes the enhancement of physical pleasure and the reduction of pain. It is based on the idea that pleasure dictates what is good and pain dictates what is bad. Hedonism takes into account not only bodily pleasure but also emotional and mental pleasure and pain. Examples of hedonistic philosophies include Epicureanism, which teaches that pleasure is the highest good, and Utilitarianism, which bases moral theory on maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain.