Final answer:
The nmap command for extracting detailed information about a targeted host is 'nmap -A', which enables several advanced features such as OS and version detection, script scanning, and traceroute.
Step-by-step explanation:
The command in nmap that is used to extract detailed information about a targeted host is nmap -A. This command enables a suite of different scans that can provide comprehensive details about the target. Specifically, nmap -A turns on OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute. Each of these features contributes to painting a full picture of the targeted system's characteristics and vulnerabilities.
On the other hand, nmap -sS is used for a stealthy scan using SYN packets, nmap -sX is for Xmas scans that set the FIN, PSH, and URG flags, and nmap -sA is used for ACK scans. These other options are used for more specific types of scans rather than gathering comprehensive data on a target.