Final answer:
In biology, acquired essence refers to the incorporation of external substances into an organism, while transformation relates to the uptake of external DNA that changes a cell's characteristics. Both are deeply linked to growth and adaptability in living systems, involving key biological concepts such as metabolism, genetics, and evolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question addresses the function of an organism's ability to grow and transform, which is a fundamental concept in biology. Acquired essence is likely a reference to substances obtained by an organism that are incorporated into its bodily structure or utilized in physiological processes. Transformation in a biological context is the process by which a cell takes up external DNA and integrates it into its own genetic makeup, leading to changes in its morphology and physiology, a phenomenon known as horizontal gene transfer (HGT). This is a key aspect of microbial evolution and genetic diversity.
Growth in organisms is driven by the acquisition and incorporation of matter as well as the translation of energy. The matter, in the form of biomolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, is used both materially to build the organism and energetically because rearranging these substances releases energy. This complicates the understanding of the relationship between matter and energy, where misconceptions are common. However, it is crucial to remember that in these biological processes, matter is rearranged; it is not transformed into energy. This distinction is emphasized by the laws of thermodynamics, particularly the concept that energy cannot be created or destroyed but only changes form.