Final answer:
Self-concept includes four components: identity, self-worth, body perception, and role performance, closely tied to personality traits from the Five Factor Model. Influenced by personal experiences and social interactions, self-concept development is crucial for self-esteem and overall well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
Self-concept consists of four main components: identity, self-worth, the perception of our bodies, and our role performance. Carl Rogers, a humanistic theorist, emphasized that our self-concept comprises both our view of ourselves (the real self) and the person we aspire to be (the ideal self). High congruence between these two aspects leads to a higher sense of self-worth and a fulfilling life. Our self-concept also incorporates the Five Factor Model, where personality dimensions such as openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism play a part.
Identity forms a central part of self-concept, influencing how one answers the question, "Who am I?" This comprises aspects like personal characteristics, interests, and an array of experiences. From infancy, when self-recognition begins, to adolescence, when teens solidify their identity, these experiences collectively contribute to self-concept. Meanwhile, self-worth evolves from how we compare our achievements to those of our peers, heavily influenced by social interactions and cultural contexts. Our perception of our bodies is another component linked to self-concept, entangled with media influence, societal standards, and personal health. Lastly, how we perform our roles in different areas of life (e.g., work, family, social circles) informs our self-concept. Positive reinforcement and unconditional love, particularly from parents, foster a healthier and more positive self-concept.