Final answer:
The scaphoid is the carpal bone located on the proximal row on the lateral side and plays a part in forming the radiocarpal joint.
Step-by-step explanation:
The carpal bone located on the proximal row on the lateral side is the scaphoid. Using the mnemonic 'So Long To Pinky, Here Comes The Thumb,' this phrase starts on the lateral side with the scaphoid, which articulates with the radius proximally, and with the trapezoid, trapezium, and capitate distally.
It is positioned on the lateral side, making it the most thumb-adjacent of the proximal carpal bones, and contributes to the formation of the radiocarpal joint.