Final answer:
The instructional application discussed is based on the social-cognitive theory, advocating for various educational strategies to support cognitive development and learning in relation to both psychological factors and the social environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The instructional application mentioned in the question is based on the social-cognitive theory. This theory, which was largely developed by Albert Bandura, emphasizes the importance of both cognition and learning in understanding individual personality differences. Strategies such as addressing different styles of learning, encouraging metacognition, teaching-learning strategies, utilizing peer tutoring, providing scaffolded instruction, analyzing behavioral temperaments, and understanding the social context of learning all stem from this theoretical framework.
The strategies described are designed to foster learners' cognitive development and behavior modification within the context of both individual psychological factors and the broader social environment. This includes an understanding of how people learn from observing others, how they gain confidence in their own abilities (self-efficacy), and how their beliefs about the power over their lives (locus of control) influence behavior and learning.