Final answer:
Difficulties in processing linguistic information, communication problems, social relationship challenges, and delays in academics are symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder. While dyslexia and dysgraphia are also learning disabilities, they focus on specific difficulties with reading and writing, respectively, and receptive aphasia results from brain damage, which is different from ASD.
Step-by-step explanation:
The difficulties in processing linguistic information and using spoken language for communication, alongside problems with social relationships, deficits in emotional maturity, and delays in academics, are indicative of a condition known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by a range of symptoms which include impaired social interaction, communication abilities, and often repetitive behaviors. It's a spectrum disorder, meaning the symptoms and their severity can vary widely among individuals. Some may have difficulties with language and emotions while others may be very functional with good-to-excellent language skills.
Another related disorder is dyslexia, which primarily affects the ability to read and write due to problems with processing graphic symbols. Also, dysgraphia is a condition which may make the physical act of writing challenging. These learning disabilities are distinct from ASD but can sometimes co-occur. Neurological conditions such as receptive aphasia could also lead to difficulties with understanding language, but are usually the result of damage to specific areas in the brain and not developmental disorders like ASD.