Final answer:
A polling error that arises based on the small size of the sample is called sampling error. A small sample size may lead to unreliable poll results as it may not accurately represent the entire population. To mitigate this error, it is important to use a larger sample size when conducting polls.
Step-by-step explanation:
A polling error that arises based on the small size of the sample is called sampling error. When the sample size is small, there is a greater chance that it does not accurately represent the entire population. This sampling error can lead to unreliable poll results.
For example, if a poll with a small sample size of 100 respondents shows that 70 percent of respondents prefer a certain political candidate, the true figure could be anywhere between 60 and 80 percent due to the sampling error. This error arises because a small sample may not adequately capture the diversity and characteristics of the larger population.
To mitigate this error, it is important to use a larger sample size when conducting polls. A larger sample size reduces the chance of sampling error and increases the accuracy and reliability of poll results.