Final answer:
The Braden Scale is used to assess a patient's risk of developing pressure ulcers. It includes six components: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction and shear, each rated to determine the risk level. Lower scores indicate a higher risk and guide preventive care.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Braden Scale is a tool used in the medical field, particularly in nursing, to predict the risk of a patient developing pressure ulcers, which are also known as bedsores or decubitus ulcers. Developed by Barbara Braden and Nancy Bergstrom in 1987, the scale assesses a patient's risk based on six components: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility, nutrition, and friction and shear. Each of these components is rated on a scale, and the scores are then totaled to determine the patient's risk level for pressure ulcer development.
- Sensory Perception - This assesses the ability of the patient to respond meaningfully to pressure-related discomfort.
- Moisture - This measures the degree to which the skin is exposed to moisture, which can make skin more susceptible to damage.
- Activity - This determines the level of physical activity of the patient.
- Mobility - This evaluates the patient's capability to change and control body position.
- Nutrition - This examines the patient's usual food intake compared to their nutritional requirements.
- Friction and Shear - This factor looks at the amount of assistance required to move a patient and the potential for the skin to be dragged across surfaces, which can damage tissue.
Lower scores on the Braden Scale indicate a higher risk of developing pressure ulcers, which guides healthcare providers in implementing prevention strategies. It is essential for use in various healthcare settings, such as hospitals and long-term care facilities, to enhance patient care and prevent complications.