Final answer:
Dr. Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model emphasizes the role of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors in health and illness, and is used to guide health improvement strategies through education, policy, and intervention.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Health Promotion Model, developed by Dr. Nola Pender, is a theory that guides research on health protection and focuses on helping individuals achieve higher levels of wellbeing. This model integrates aspects of the biopsychosocial model, which suggests that health and illness outcomes are determined by the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. According to the World Health Organization, health promotion entails enabling people to increase control over their health and its determinants, thus improving their health. The Health Promotion Model is used by health psychologists who aim to improve health through public policy, education, intervention, and research, identifying the ways in which genetics, behavior, relationships, and psychological stress can affect health.
Under this approach, health professionals, including nurses, participate in public health programs and interventions like the Nurse-Family Partnership referenced by David L. Olds, which emphasizes prenatal to infancy support for optimizing long-term health outcomes. The Health Promotion Model encourages individuals to take preventive action to avert illness by addressing their unique biological, psychological, and social needs.