Final answer:
The life cycle of gingival epithelium involves a process called cell turnover, where old cells are shed and replaced by new ones. This turnover of cells helps to maintain the integrity of the gingival epithelium and protect the underlying tissues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The gingival epithelium is the tissue that lines the gums and plays an important role in maintaining oral health. The life cycle of the gingival epithelium involves a process called cell turnover, where old cells are shed and replaced by new ones. This process helps to keep the gums healthy despite constant contact with food particles and bacteria in the mouth.
Initially, the gingival epithelium is composed of layers of rapidly dividing cells in the basal layer. These cells eventually migrate upwards and differentiate into specialized cell types, such as the keratinized cells on the surface of the gums. As the cells move towards the surface, they undergo a process called keratinization, where they produce a tough protein called keratin that helps to protect the gums.
Once the cells reach the surface, they become fully keratinized and eventually slough off, making way for new cells to take their place. This turnover of cells is a continuous process that helps to maintain the integrity of the gingival epithelium and protect the underlying tissues.