Final answer:
Polyatomic ions are charged groups of bonded atoms with specific names and formulas. For example, N₃⁻ is azide, NO₃⁻ is nitrate, NO₂⁻ is nitrite, CO₃²⁻ is carbonate, HCO₃⁻ is hydrogen carbonate, and ClO₃⁻ is chlorate.
Step-by-step explanation:
Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that are bonded together and carry an overall charge. Identifying polyatomic ions is an essential skill in Chemistry for understanding ionic compounds and their reactions.
Here are the names of the polyatomic ions listed in the question:
- N₃⁻ is the azide ion.
- NO₃⁻ is the nitrate ion, consisting of one nitrogen atom and three oxygen atoms with a -1 charge.
- NO₂⁻ is the nitrite ion, similar to nitrate but with one less oxygen atom, also carrying a -1 charge.
- CO₃²⁻ is the carbonate ion, with one carbon atom and three oxygen atoms with a -2 charge.
- HCO₃⁻ is the hydrogen carbonate ion (or bicarbonate ion), which is carbonate with one additional hydrogen atom, maintaining a -1 charge.
- ClO₃⁻ is the chlorate ion, composed of one chlorine atom and three oxygen atoms with a -1 charge.
When these ions are part of a compound, such as NH₄NO₃ (ammonium nitrate) or Fe(NO₃)₂ (iron(II) nitrate), the compound is considered ionic because of the presence of these charged groups of atoms.