Final answer:
Memory strategies vary across different age groups, with crystallized intelligence tending to remain stable or improve during early and middle adulthood, while fluid intelligence, including memory, declines in later adulthood. Memory capacity and organization in middle and late childhood show expansion with rehearsal and chunking being effective strategies for improvement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The changes in memory strategies across age include development and decline in various cognitive capacities. In early and middle adulthood, cognitive abilities like crystallized intelligence, which is comprised of accumulated knowledge and experience, tend to remain stable or even improve. However, as we move into late adulthood, there is a decline in fluid intelligence, including processing speeds, reasoning, and memory. To combat this decline, engagement in both mental and physical activities has been shown to reduce cognitive decline and dementia incidences. During middle and late childhood, children's cognitive skills expand, developing more logical and organized thought processes suited to concrete information. This is a stage of life where memory techniques such as rehearsal and chunking can be highly effective. Memory-enhancing strategies are pivotal and can encompass techniques like mnemonic devices, rehearsal, self-referencing, and distributed practice, all of which can be crucial throughout the lifespan for retaining and recalling information effectively.