Final answer:
Test-Driven Development (TDD) is the technique where tests are defined before work begins, prioritizing continuous validation and a zero-defect mindset. While primarily applied in software development, similar principles apply in other design processes through iterative testing and refinement of prototypes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The technique in question is known as Test-Driven Development (TDD), and it embodies the practice of writing tests before writing the functional code itself. TDD is a key part of agile software development and emphasizes the creation of test cases for new features or functionality before the development phase. This method ensures continuous validation of the code and facilitates a zero-defect mindset, as it requires developers to focus on producing code that passes predetermined tests, encouraging quality and efficiency from the onset.
In a broader design context beyond software, a similar approach may involve setting up test methods and ensuring thorough testing and evaluation of prototypes against constraints and criteria before finalizing the design. This form of iterative testing and refinement throughout the development process also contributes to the essential goal of TDD, which is to minimize defects and enhance the quality of the end product.