Final answer:
The practice of using a basic set of tests to verify key functionalities of a system is known as Smoke Testing. It's a part of the test and evaluation process that ensures the system meets basic criteria before more thorough testing. The term for the practice of using a lightweight set of tests to ensure that the most important functions of a system under development work as intended is known as B) Smoke Testing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for the practice of using a lightweight set of tests to ensure that the most important functions of a system under development work as intended is known as B) Smoke Testing. During the development process, it's crucial to test and evaluate the system frequently. Smoke testing involves a non-exhaustive set of tests that cover the main functionality of the system.
If a software prototype passes smoke testing, it confirms that the design and functionality align with the required constraints and perform adequately based on the set criteria. Smoke tests are designed to be simple to execute and quick to provide feedback, ensuring that the fundamental aspects of the system do not have any blocking issues that could impede further testing or development.