Final answer:
The force of gravity is the weakest among the four fundamental forces when considering two elementary particles, like protons. The strength of gravity is greatest when two massive objects are nearby and decreases with the square of the distance between them according to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. Thus, gravity is at its lowest in the vastness of space away from massive objects and strongest on or near the surface of massive celestial bodies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The force of gravity is a fundamental interaction in the universe, and it is responsible for the attraction between objects with mass. It's one of the four fundamental forces of nature, alongside the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force. When we consider where the force of gravity is the lowest versus where it is the greatest, we are discussing the relative strength of gravity in different contexts.
Gravity is the weakest of the four fundamental forces, especially when dealing with elementary particles like protons. The gravitational force between two protons is extremely weak compared to the other forces acting on them, such as electromagnetic forces. In the macroscopic world, however, gravity can seem quite strong. For example, the force of gravity near the surface of a planet like Earth is strong enough to keep us grounded and govern the motion of the Moon around the Earth.
The strength of gravitational force varies depending on the masses of the objects involved and their distance apart. It follows Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, which states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This means that the greatest gravitational force is experienced when two massive objects are very close to one another. Conversely, as the distance between two masses increases, the force of gravity falls off rapidly, becoming negligible at large distances.
To further exemplify this point, if you are on the surface of Earth, the force of gravity is strong because you are close to the mass of the planet. If you move further into space, the effect of Earth's gravity decreases. In the vastness of space, far away from any planets, stars, or other massive objects, the force of gravity would be at its lowest. So the location where the gravitational force is at its weakest is far from massive objects, while it is highest when close to or on the surface of a massive celestial body.