Final answer:
Pacific Ocean water temperatures are cooler during La Niña, which is part of the ENSO cycle affecting global weather and precipitation patterns. La Niña increases the chance of intensified precipitation and other weather changes that can impact ecology and economies worldwide.
Step-by-step explanation:
Under La Niña conditions, the Pacific Ocean water temperatures are cooler than average, particularly in the central and eastern Pacific near the equator. This cool phase is part of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle, which has a significant influence on global weather patterns, including temperature and precipitation. Furthermore, La Niña increases the chance of intensified precipitation events and changes in weather patterns that may affect various regions around the world.
La Niña events have global effects on weather, contributing to cooler temperatures in some areas while causing drought in others. They can also trigger shifts in marine populations due to cooler Sea Surface Temperature (SST). These shifts in weather patterns have both ecological and economic consequences, as they can impact activities such as farming, fishing, and commodity prices.