Final answer:
Doppler radar measures wind velocities in storms and the speeds of aircraft and automobiles by analyzing the change in frequency of microwave signals reflected by moving objects. By analyzing the Doppler shift, the radar can determine the velocity and direction of the wind or the speed of the moving object.
Step-by-step explanation:
Doppler radar measures the wind velocities in storms, as well as the speeds of aircraft and automobiles. This radar technology uses the principles of the Doppler effect, which is the change in frequency of a wave due to the motion of the source or observer. In the case of Doppler radar, it measures the change in frequency of microwave signals reflected by moving objects, such as particles in the air or vehicles on the ground. By analyzing the Doppler shift, which is the change in frequency, the radar can determine the velocity and direction of the wind or the speed of the moving object. For example, if the frequency increases, it indicates that the object is moving towards the radar, while a decrease in frequency suggests the object is moving away from the radar.