Final answer:
The trickling filter is mainly used for the removal of carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD) and can also be adjusted to nitrify wastewater, assisting in the secondary treatment process of wastewater management by using microorganisms to digest organic material.
Step-by-step explanation:
The trickling filter is used primarily for the removal of carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD), but can be operated to nitrify wastewater as well. Trickling filters are a part of secondary treatment in wastewater management which involves the use of microorganisms to decompose organic matter. These filters have a bed of porous material, such as rocks or plastic media, which supports a microbial film. As wastewater passes over the bed, microorganisms consume organic matter, thus significantly reducing BOD in the process. Additionally, by controlling the oxygen content and retention time, trickling filters can also oxidize ammonia to nitrate, achieving nitrification, which is the conversion of ammonia in waste into less harmful nitrate compounds.
It is crucial in wastewater treatment systems to protect the surrounding natural environment by reducing both solid and organic contaminants, as well as nutrients that may lead to issues like eutrophication. This is accomplished through various stages of treatment, including primary, secondary, and in some cases, tertiary treatment to enhance water quality to acceptable levels for discharge or possible reuse.