Final answer:
Gamal Abdel Nasser was the second President of Egypt from 1956 to 1970, known for his nationalist policies and leadership in the Free Officers Movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The second President of Egypt from 1956 to 1970 was Gamal Abdel Nasser. Nasser was instrumental in leading the Free Officers Movement, which culminated in a coup d'etat that overthrew King Farouk in 1952. Following the revolution, Nasser initially took power as part of a military council, but he quickly emerged as the leader and eventual President. During his presidency, Nasser was a nationalist who worked to reduce foreign influence in Egypt, particularly from the United Kingdom. His tenure included significant events such as the nationalization of the Suez Canal and the establishment of the United Arab Republic, a short-lived union with Syria. Furthermore, Nasser played a major role in the politics of the Cold War era by leveraging the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union, securing aid and backing for projects like the Aswan Dam.