Final answer:
Mobilization is the process of bringing Reserve and National Guard forces to a state of readiness for war or a national emergency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to bringing Reserve and National Guard forces to a state of readiness for war or national emergency is Mobilization. Mobilization involves the organization and deployment of troops and resources in preparation for combat or disaster response. It is distinct from activation, which specifically refers to the act of calling Reserve or National Guard forces into active duty. Deployment usually refers to the movement of troops to a specific area for operations, while reconnaissance involves military observation of a region to locate an enemy or ascertain strategic features.