Final answer:
Excessive heat during tissue processing disrupts hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, leading to irreversible protein denaturation and loss of function, thus destroying proteins. the correct option is d. Destroy proteins
Step-by-step explanation:
Intense heat used in tissue processing will destroy proteins. Heat is an effective and common method for microbial control in various settings, including laboratories and the food industry. However, excessive heat, especially temperatures above 50°C, disrupts hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, leading to protein denaturation.
This alteration in structure can lead to a loss of function for these proteins, which is often irreversible and can be damaging in tissue processing, as it may render the proteins nonfunctional. During tissue processing, care must be taken to avoid high temperatures that can denature proteins, particularly if retaining the functional integrity of the tissue is essential.
Heat is a widely used method for controlling microbial growth. Dry-heat sterilization protocols are commonly used in the laboratory, but moist-heat sterilization is typically more effective as it penetrates cells better. Heat can denature proteins, remove antigenic substances, and ultimately sterilize tissues.