Final answer:
Lyophilization is a process that involves freezing an item and placing it under a vacuum to remove water through sublimation. It is used for long-term preservation in the food industry and laboratory settings.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lyophilization is a process that involves freezing an item and placing it under a vacuum so that water is lost through sublimation. This method combines cold exposure and desiccation for long-term preservation. It is commonly used in the food industry and in laboratories for storing and transporting microbial cultures.