Final answer:
The charge on an ion with 65 protons and 61 electrons is +4, as it has four more protons than electrons, giving it a net positive charge.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering the charge of an ion, it's essential to recognize the fundamental principles governing atomic structure. Protons, with a positive charge, and electrons, with a negative charge, constitute the subatomic particles of an atom. The net charge of an ion is determined by the disparity between the number of protons and electrons.
In the scenario you presented, there are 65 protons and 61 electrons. The surplus of protons imparts a positive charge to the ion. Mathematically, this is expressed as the difference between the number of protons and electrons: \(65 - 61 = +4\). Therefore, the ion in question carries a net positive charge of 4 units.
This phenomenon is typical in situations where an atom gains or loses electrons. When electrons are lost, leaving more protons than electrons, the resulting ion is positively charged. Conversely, if electrons are gained, creating an excess of negative charges, the ion becomes negatively charged.
Understanding these principles is fundamental to comprehending the behavior of ions in chemical reactions and the broader context of atomic interactions. It showcases the dynamic nature of atoms, emphasizing the significance of charge imbalances in the formation of ions.