Final answer:
An anaerobic jar creates a low-oxygen environment using chemical packs to grow anaerobic bacteria, while an anaerobic chamber removes all oxygen and has gloves for handling cultures without exposure to air. A candle jar utilizes a burning candle to consume oxygen and increase CO₂ levels for growing capnophiles.
Step-by-step explanation:
An anaerobic jar works by creating an environment without oxygen, which is necessary for the growth of obligate anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria cannot survive in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, so the jar includes chemical packs that absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide (CO₂). The chemical reactions within these packs reduce the oxygen levels inside the jar, ensuring suitable conditions for anaerobic bacteria to grow.
An anaerobic chamber, on the other hand, is a more controlled environment for cultivating anaerobic bacteria. It is a sealed box from which all oxygen is removed and replaced by an inert gas, usually nitrogen. This allows researchers to manipulate cultures directly using built-in gloves that seal off any outside air, preventing contamination and maintaining an anaerobic state inside the chamber.
Capnophilic bacteria, which thrive in high levels of CO₂ and low oxygen, can be grown in an alternative system called a candle jar. This jar contains a candle that, when lit, consumes the oxygen in the jar and generates CO₂ before the jar is sealed, creating an enriched CO₂ atmosphere suitable for capnophile growth.