Question

slay, MC hat is the purpose of mitosis? How many cells are made in mitosis? How many chromosomes does each to dividresor obega lasis, cell have at the end of mitosis? 3. On the bottom of this page, Draw each of the stages of mitosis, labeling each stage and any important features that are visible (chromosomes, centrioles, spindle fibers, nuclear envelope/membrane, etc...) 4. Distinguish between diploid and haploid cells. 5. What is cancer and how is it related to the cell cycle 5. What is the difference between asexual and sexual reproduction? Give examples of each.​

Answer 1

1. The purpose of mitosis is to produce two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. During mitosis, the genetic material of the parent cell is equally divided into the two daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives a complete copy of the genetic material, which consists of a specific number of chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in a cell is determined by the organism it belongs to. For example, human cells have 46 chromosomes, while fruit fly cells have only 4 chromosomes.
   
2. During mitosis, the parent cell undergoes several stages to ensure that each daughter cell receives a complete and accurate copy of the genetic material. These stages include interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
   
3. In interphase, the cell grows and replicates its DNA. In prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks down and the chromatin (uncoiled DNA) begins to condense into visible chromosomes. In metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. In anaphase, the chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell. In telophase, a new nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes and the cell divides into two daughter cells.
   
4. Diploid cells are cells that contain two sets of chromosomes, one set inherited from the mother and one set inherited from the father. These cells are typical of most organisms and are involved in sexual reproduction. Haploid cells, on the other hand, contain only one set of chromosomes. These cells are involved in asexual reproduction, such as in the production of spores by fungi.
   
5. Cancer is a disease that is caused by uncontrolled cell division. In cancer, cells divide and grow in an uncontrolled way, forming a mass of tissue called a tumor. This can happen when the normal processes that control the cell cycle go wrong. For example, cells may divide and grow even when they are not supposed to, or they may avoid programmed cell death (apoptosis). This can lead to the formation of a tumor that can invade and damage nearby tissues, and potentially spread to other parts of the body.
   
6. Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which a single organism can produce offspring without the involvement of another individual. In asexual reproduction, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent because they are produced from a single parent cell that divides to produce multiple identical daughter cells. Examples of asexual reproduction include budding in yeast, fragmentation in starfish, and binary fission in bacteria.
   
7. Sexual reproduction, on the other hand, involves the fusion of two cells, called gametes, to produce a new organism. In sexual reproduction, the offspring are genetically diverse because they are produced from the combination of genetic material from two parents. Examples of sexual reproduction include the production of seeds in plants and the fertilization of eggs by sperm in animals.