Final answer:
Jacob Riis's photographs are closely associated with the living conditions of the urban poor in 19th-century New York. His book, How the Other Half Lives and his photojournalism work initiated social reforms and improved tenement laws. The correct option is (2) living conditions of the urban poor
Step-by-step explanation:
The photographs of Jacob Riis are most closely associated with (2) the living conditions of the urban poor. Riis was a immigrant and social reformer who became a notable figure through his documentation of the squalid conditions faced by residents in New York's tenements.
His impactful book, How the Other Half Lives, published in 1890, shed light on the plight of the urban poor and helped drive social reform through the powerful medium of photojournalism.
Riis's graphic images were innovative in the field of journalism, and they were used to illustrate the dire living conditions that many people endured during that era.
His work exposed the reality of urban poverty to a wider audience, igniting public support for change and contributing to the passage of laws aimed at tenement reform.
Although some criticized his methods and the racial stereotypes present in his storytelling, Riis's photography remains a pivotal example of how journalism can influence public policy and bring about social change. The correct option is (2) living conditions of the urban poor