Final answer:
The position of the Axiolateral TMJ involves the mandibular condyle and articular disc situated within the mandibular fossa with the mouth closed, moving forward and downward during mouth opening due to hinging and gliding motions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The position of the Axiolateral TMJ during mandibular activities such as opening and closing of the mouth involves a complex movement of the mandibular condyle and articular disc. With the mouth closed, these structures are situated within the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. As the mouth opens a hinging downward motion is combined with an anterior gliding movement, causing the mandibular condyle and articular disc to move forward onto the articular tubercle. This results in a forward and downward movement of the condyle facilitating mandibular depression.
The temporomandibular joint is also supported by an extrinsic ligament anchoring the mandible to the skull, spanning from the skull's base to the lingula on the mandibular ramus's medial side. Proper understanding of the TMJ positioning is crucial for health professionals dealing with jaw-related disorders and treatments.