Final answer:
Animals are used to study human diseases due to the similarity of their biomedical processes to humans, which aids in the development of medical treatments and understanding of diseases. Ethical considerations have led to regulations ensuring the humane treatment of animals in research. The correct option is c.
Step-by-step explanation:
Animals are used to study human diseases primarily because the biomedical processes in animal models can be very similar to humans. Model organisms, such as mice, rats, and primates, are used extensively because they provide a better understanding of biological phenomena, which can lead to insights into the human body.
This comparative biology is essential in the development of new drugs, treatments, and therapies for human diseases. Furthermore, using animals in research helps mitigate the ethical and practical concerns associated with direct human experimentation.
However, it is important to note the ethical considerations surrounding animal research. Despite the vital role animal models play in medical advancements, their use raises ethical issues and controversy.
Institutions like the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have developed regulations on animal research to ensure humane treatment. These regulations guide researchers on the proper care, housing, and humane euthanization of laboratory animals.
Moreover, alternative methods such as patient-drug databases, in vitro testing, and computer simulations are gaining traction as substitutes or supplements to animal testing.
These alternatives can improve the accuracy and reliability of test results while also addressing some of the ethical concerns associated with animal experimentation. Option c. is the correct one.