Question

Which two structures are first to combine in translation?

A) Ribosome and mRNA
B) tRNA and amino acids
C) DNA and RNA polymerase
D) mRNA and amino acids

Answer 1

In translation, the first two structures to combine are the ribosome, initially with its small subunit, and mRNA. This facilitates the binding of the initiator tRNA, triggering the start of protein synthesis.

Step-by-step explanation:

The two structures that are first to combine in translation are the ribosome and mRNA. Specifically, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the mRNA template. This interaction is the critical first step in the translation process, which ultimately leads to the production of a polypeptide chain. The initiation of translation begins at the initiating AUG codon on the mRNA, which specifies the amino acid methionine. This is followed by the entry of the initiator tRNA carrying methionine to match with the start codon, completing the formation of the initiation complex.