Question

19. What is active transport? 11. What type of organic molecule is needed for active transport? 12. What is endocytosis and exocytosis? 13. What is the difference between diffusion and active transport? 14. Once materials diffuse into a cell, what happens?​

Answer 1

1. Active transport is a process by which cells move molecules across their membranes against a concentration gradient, using energy from ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This means that the cell is moving molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, which is the opposite of what happens in diffusion.
   
2. Active transport requires the use of specialized protein molecules called transport proteins, which are embedded in the cell membrane. These proteins bind to the molecules being transported and move them across the membrane using energy from ATP.
   
3. Endocytosis is the process by which a cell takes in molecules from its environment by forming a pocket or vesicle around them. This can happen in several ways, including phagocytosis (where the cell engulfs the molecules) and pinocytosis (where the cell forms vesicles around droplets of fluid).
   
   Exocytosis is the opposite of endocytosis, and is the process by which a cell releases molecules from inside the cell to the outside environment. This is typically done by forming a vesicle around the molecules and then fusing the vesicle with the cell membrane, allowing the molecules to be released.
   
4. The main difference between diffusion and active transport is that diffusion is a passive process that does not require energy, while active transport is an active process that requires energy. Diffusion occurs naturally and spontaneously, moving molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In contrast, active transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient, requiring the cell to use energy from ATP to do so.
   
5. Once materials diffuse into a cell, they are either used by the cell for its own metabolic processes, or they are stored for later use. Some molecules may also be transported to other parts of the cell or to other cells, depending on the needs of the organism.

Answer 2

19. Active transport is a process by which cells move molecules or ions across their membranes against a concentration gradient, using energy from ATP.

11. The type of organic molecule needed for active transport is ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which provides the energy required to move molecules or ions against a concentration gradient.

12. Endocytosis is a process by which cells take in molecules or particles from the outside environment, by engulfing them in a vesicle. Exocytosis is the opposite process, by which cells release molecules or particles from inside the cell to the outside environment.

13. The main difference between diffusion and active transport is that diffusion is a passive process that does not require energy, whereas active transport requires energy from ATP to move molecules or ions against a concentration gradient.

14. Once materials diffuse into a cell, they can enter the cell's metabolic pathways and be used for various cellular processes, such as energy production or the synthesis of new molecules. Alternatively, they can be stored inside the cell for later use.