Final answer:
The patient with confusion and right-sided symptoms on hospital day 5 after a SAH is likely experiencing cerebral vasospasm and infarction. Medical evaluation and treatment are critical for preventing further brain damage and improving outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
A patient presenting with confusion, tingling in the right hand, muscle weakness, and facial droop on hospital day 5 following a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is likely suffering from cerebral vasospasm and infarction. Cerebral vasospasm refers to the narrowing of cerebral arteries, which can lead to reduced blood flow, potential brain infarction, and neurological deficits. Given the time frame, these symptoms are consistent with delayed cerebral ischemia, a common and serious complication of SAH. Patients with stroke-like symptoms, such as hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body) and sensory loss, should receive immediate medical evaluation, including imaging studies like a CT scan, and may require treatments such as aspirin therapy or more invasive procedures to prevent further brain injury.
The FAST mnemonic (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) is a tool used to recognize the symptoms of a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and emphasizes the importance of rapid intervention. A timely response to these symptoms is crucial, as it can significantly impact the patient's recovery and reduce the risk of permanent disability.