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Nonmaleficence refers to the avoidance of harming or hurting others. Bone marrow biopsy is a procedure with a certain risk associated with it. The benefits, however, outweigh the risk. Therefore, performing the biopsy is an act of nonmaleficence. Advocacy refers to supporting patient rights in any given situation. Beneficence means performing actions that may benefit others. Responsibility refers to a willingness to respect and fulfill one's professional obligations.

User Paul Ishak
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Final Answer:

PRN refills are not permissible for cardiovascular medications due to the critical need for consistent dosing to manage heart-related conditions effectively.

Explanation:

PRN refills, allowing medications to be taken as needed, pose a risk in managing cardiovascular conditions due to the necessity for strict, consistent dosing. Cardiovascular medications typically require precise, regular administration to regulate blood pressure, heart rhythm, and prevent potential life-threatening events.

Allowing PRN refills could disrupt this delicate balance, potentially leading to adverse effects or compromised treatment efficacy. Such medications are tailored to individual patient needs, and any variation in dosage could significantly impact their health and stability. Patients with heart-related conditions heavily rely on maintaining a steady medication regimen to manage their condition and reduce risks associated with cardiovascular complications. Therefore, the refusal of PRN refills aligns with the principle of nonmaleficence by avoiding the potential harm that inconsistent dosing might cause, emphasizing the responsibility of healthcare professionals to ensure patients' safety and well-being when managing critical health conditions.

In summary, PRN refills are not permissible for cardiovascular medications due to the imperative requirement for consistent dosing to effectively manage heart-related conditions while upholding the principles of nonmaleficence, advocacy, and beneficence in patient care.

User Zentag
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