Final answer:
Ethernet cables should be laid away from EMI sources such as high-voltage AC power transmission lines to avoid data transmission problems. These power lines emit non-ionizing radiation and ELF electromagnetic waves, which can interfere with Ethernet data signals.
Step-by-step explanation:
When laying Ethernet cables, it is critical to avoid sources of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) to ensure proper functioning and data integrity. EMI can disturb the transmission of data over these cables, leading to lost or corrupted information. Electromagnetic fields (E-fields) emanating from high-voltage AC power transmission lines, which operate at frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz, can cause such interference. These lines generate extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves that propagate over very long distances and are one form of energy loss in long-distance power transmission.
While there has been concern over potential health risks from exposure to E-fields, such as the speculation of an increased risk of cancer for those living near power lines, these power lines produce non-ionizing radiation. Government environmental organizations and studies considering a wide range of European and American epidemiological data have found no conclusive evidence to support the hazard theory related to cancer risks from E-fields. Nonetheless, to prevent data transmission issues, it is best practice to route Ethernet cables away from these sources of EMI.