Final answer:
Congenital vertical talus is a foot deformity present at birth. Treatment typically involves casting and stretching exercises, followed by surgery if necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
Congenital vertical talus, also known as congenital convex pes valgus or rocker-bottom foot, is a rare foot deformity present at birth. It is characterized by a rigid foot with the sole of the foot facing upward and the front of the foot pointing downward. The treatment of congenital vertical talus usually involves a combination of casting and stretching exercises, followed by surgery if conservative measures fail.
The initial treatment involves serial casting, where the foot is manipulated into a more correct position and then placed in a cast to maintain that position. This process is repeated every 1-2 weeks to gradually correct the foot deformity. In addition to casting, stretching exercises are often performed to help loosen the tight ligaments and muscles in the foot.
If casting and stretching exercises are unsuccessful in correcting the deformity, surgery may be recommended. The surgical procedure involves releasing the tight ligaments and tendons in the foot and realigning the bones into the correct position. Following surgery, the foot will be immobilized in a cast or brace to allow for proper healing.