Final answer:
In carpal tunnel syndrome, EMG/NCV tests show denervation and decreased electrical activity in muscles affected by median nerve compression, as well as slowed nerve conduction speeds.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition where the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist, which can lead to pain, numbness, and weakness in the hand. When evaluating carpal tunnel syndrome, an Electromyogram (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) test can show specific changes. On EMG, there may be evidence of denervation or decreased electrical activity in the muscles innervated by the median nerve, indicating muscle response to nerve stimulation has been affected. NCV tests may reveal slowed conduction speeds through the carpal tunnel, reflecting the impact of nerve compression.
Treatment can include measures like wearing a wrist splint or receiving corticosteroid injections to manage symptoms, with more severe cases requiring surgery to cut the carpal ligament and reduce pressure on the median nerve. Recurrence after surgery is rare, but without intervention, chronic compression could lead to muscle atrophy due to prolonged lack of proper nervous stimulation by the median nerve.