Final answer:
Damage to the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) causes VISI deformity, resulting in deficits in the visual field stabilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
VISI deformity is caused by damage to the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) which is responsible for stabilizing the visual field by compensating for head rotation with opposite rotation of the eyes in the orbits. Deficits in the VOR can result from vestibular damage, such as in Ménière's disease, or from damage to the dorsal brain stem that affects the eye movement nuclei or their connections through the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF).