Final answer:
In patients with severe Osteogenesis Imperfecta, spinal fusion is considered when spinal curvature is severe, often at angles exceeding 40-50 degrees for scoliosis. Treatment of OI focuses on reducing fractures and maintaining mobility, with potential surgical interventions for severe cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure pursued in patients with severe Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) to alleviate the complications associated with spinal deformities such as scoliosis and kyphosis. The decision to undergo spinal fusion typically depends on the severity of the spinal curvature, as measured in degrees. Although there is no strict angle at which spinal fusion is always recommended, orthopedic surgeons often consider the procedure when the spinal curvature exceeds certain thresholds, which can commonly be around 40-50 degrees for scoliosis. This threshold varies based on individual patient factors and symptoms such as the extent of lung compression and compromise of daily activities.
Severe OI patients experience numerous complications due to the genetic mutation that affects collagen production, leading to brittle bones, fractures, and bone deformities. Management of OI is focused on minimizing fractures, maximizing mobility, and maintaining independence through safe exercises, braces, and mobility aids.
It is critical for those with OI to avoid smoking and maintain a healthy weight to prevent additional stress on already fragile bones. Some severe cases may require the implantation of metal rods and spinal fusion surgery to correct deformities and improve quality of life.