Final answer:
The proximal anterolateral elbow arthroscopy portal is a surgical access point used to address ligament injuries and other elbow joint issues. The ulnar collateral ligament is a key structure in elbow stability, and its injury may require Tommy John surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The proximal anterolateral elbow arthroscopy portal is a surgical access point used in elbow arthroscopy. When dealing with issues such as ligament repairs, this portal plays a crucial role. Specifically, the ulnar collateral ligament, an intrinsic ligament on the medial side of the elbow, spans from the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the medial ulna and is important for elbow stability. This ligament can be injured by repetitive stress such as pitching in baseball, sometimes requiring reconstructive surgery commonly known as Tommy John surgery. Additionally, the radial collateral ligament supports the lateral side of the elbow and blends into the annular ligament, forming part of the lateral elbow support structure and allowing for rotation of the forearm.
Elbow stability is maintained by several ligaments including the ulnar collateral ligament, the radial collateral ligament, and the annular ligament. The ulnar collateral ligament prevents hyperextension and is vital in resisting forceful extensions as seen in throwing sports. The elbow joint itself is a complex system involving the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints, allowing for both flexion/extension and pronation/supination movements.