Final answer:
For degenerative spondylolisthesis refractory to conservative treatment, surgical intervention such as spinal fusion may be considered to stabilize the spine and relieve nerve pressure. Chiropractors can provide non-surgical treatments like manipulation and exercises, but severe cases may require orthopedic surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
When conservative treatments for degenerative spondylolisthesis are not effective, orthopedic surgeons may consider surgical options. The main goals of surgery are to stabilize the affected vertebrae and alleviate pressure on spinal nerves. This often involves a procedure called spinal fusion, where the affected vertebrae are fused together to provide stability. Surgical treatment usually follows a trial of conservative measures such as physical therapy, bracing, or medications aimed at managing symptoms.
Chiropractors offer a non-surgical approach to treating spinal conditions, including degenerative spondylolisthesis. They may employ spinal manipulation, therapeutic exercises, and other manual techniques to improve function and reduce pain. However, when chiropractic care is insufficient for severe cases, a referral to an orthopedic specialist may be necessary.
Factors such as the severity of the curvature, age, and overall health of the patient play a critical role in determining the most appropriate treatment plan. Treatments may differ significantly between children, adolescents, and the elderly due to variations in bone density and growth rates.