Final answer:
The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution asserts that powers not delegated to the national government or prohibited to the states are reserved to the states or to the people, forming a key aspect of American federalism. Concurrent powers can be exercised by both state and federal governments, while some powers are denied to both to prevent overreach and protect individual rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept you're asking about relates to the Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, which deals with the division of power between the national government and the states. This amendment specifies that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. It is a cornerstone of American federalism, ensuring that states retain sovereignty over all powers not explicitly granted to the federal government.
Beyond the reserved powers, states may also share concurrent powers with the federal government. These are powers not exclusively granted to the national government by the Constitution, such as the power to tax, where both state and federal governments can enact tax legislation. However, there are also certain powers that are prohibited to both the national and state governments to maintain checks and balances and protect individual rights.