Final answer:
The deficiency of thiamin causes a condition called beriberi, which includes symptoms such as polyneuritis, edema, and various cardiovascular and neurological disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
The deficiency of thiamin causes a condition known as beriberi. Thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is essential for the proper utilization of carbohydrates. A deficiency in thiamin leads to the accumulation of pyruvate and lactate in cells, particularly affecting brain cells. Symptoms of thiamin deficiency include loss of appetite, polyneuritis, edema, cardiovascular changes, weakness, muscular atrophy, headache, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders. The two main types of beriberi are:
- Dry Beriberi: where nervous system symptoms or polyneuritis predominate.
- Wet Beriberi: which includes symptoms associated with edema and serous effusions.
The severe form of acute thiamine deficiency, seen in alcoholics, is known as Wernicke's encephalopathy. It is critical to intake adequate thiamin through the diet or supplements to prevent this condition.