Final answer:
The thiamine deficiency disease is known as beriberi, which has various forms such as Dry Beriberi, Wet Beriberi, Acute Pernicious Beriberi, Mixed Beriberi, and Infantile Beriberi, all characterized by a spectrum of neurological and cardiovascular symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The thiamine deficiency disease is known as beriberi. Thiamine, also known as vitamin B₁, is vital for the utilization of carbohydrates, and its deficiency can lead to various health issues. The symptoms of thiamine deficiency include loss of appetite, edema, cardiovascular changes, weakness, muscular atrophy, headache, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders. Beriberi can manifest in several forms, including:
Dry Beriberi: Predominantly features nervous system symptoms or polyneuritis.Wet Beriberi: Associated with edema and serous effusions.Acute Pernicious Beriberi: Primarily affects the heart.Mixed Beriberi: A combination of symptoms from the other types.Infantile Beriberi: Seen in breastfed infants whose mothers' milk is deficient in thiamine.
Thiamine is chemically composed of a pyrimidine ring and a thiazole ring linked by a methylene bridge, and is also known as Anti-Beri Beri vitamin and Anti-Neuritic vitamin.