Final answer:
The effector phase of an acute hypersensitivity reaction is when symptoms such as hives, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinitis appear following mast cell degranulation triggered by allergen-specific IgE.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hives, allergic asthma, and allergic rhinitis are symptoms that may occur during the effector phase of an acute hypersensitivity reaction. After the initial sensitization phase, which involves the production of allergen-specific IgE and its binding to mast cell surfaces, subsequent exposure to the allergen leads to mast cell degranulation. This mast cell degranulation, initiated by the crosslinking of allergen-specific IgE, occurs rapidly within minutes, releasing various inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, which contribute to the symptoms associated with immediate hypersensitivity reactions like swelling, redness, coughing, and nasal discharge.