Final answer:
Communicable diseases are infectious and can be transmitted from person to person, while noncommunicable diseases are not spread between individuals. Examples of communicable diseases are influenza, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS, whereas examples of noncommunicable diseases include diabetes, heart disease, and cancer.
Step-by-step explanation:
Communicable diseases are diseases that can be transmitted from person to person, either directly or indirectly through the environment. They are also known as infectious diseases. Noncommunicable diseases, on the other hand, are not spread from person to person. They are caused by factors such as genetics, lifestyle choices, or environmental conditions.
Examples of communicable diseases include:
Influenza (flu) - This viral infection is transmitted through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can spread easily, especially in crowded environments.
Tuberculosis (TB) - It is caused by bacteria that spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Close and prolonged contact with an infected person increases the risk of transmission.
HIV/AIDS - This disease is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing of contaminated needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.
Examples of noncommunicable diseases include:
Diabetes - It is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. It can be caused by genetic factors, lifestyle choices like unhealthy eating habits and lack of physical activity.
Heart disease - It refers to various conditions that affect the heart, such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, and congestive heart failure. Risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, and obesity.
Cancer - It is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. Causes of cancer include genetic mutations, exposure to carcinogens like tobacco smoke or UV radiation, and certain viral infections.