Final Answer:
Epithelial membranes consist of layers of epithelial cells, either simple or stratified. Thus, the correct option is C) contains simple or stratified epithelia and a basement membrane.
Step-by-step explanation:
Epithelial membranes are complex structures that play crucial roles in various physiological functions. The correct answer is (C) because epithelial membranes are composed of either simple or stratified epithelia, which are layers of closely packed cells covering surfaces and cavities throughout the body.
These membranes also include a basement membrane, a thin extracellular layer that provides structural support and anchors the epithelium to underlying tissues. The basement membrane is essential for maintaining the integrity and function of the epithelial cells.
Transitional epithelium is a specific type of epithelium found in organs like the urinary bladder, but not all epithelial membranes necessarily involve transitional epithelium. Options (A) and (B) are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the general composition of epithelial membranes. Moreover, the presence of mucus-forming cells is not excluded in epithelial membranes, making option (D) incorrect.
Therefore, the correct option is C) contains simple or stratified epithelia and a basement membrane.