Final answer:
Whole blood testing can reveal information about health conditions and is vital for treatments like transfusions. Tests include measuring substance levels, blood typing through cross matching, and assessing blood cell composition. A blood bank technology specialist performs these tests to ensure safe transfusion and diagnostic processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Testing on whole blood includes various assessments of its components and properties to understand the health status of a patient. When a blood sample is taken from a patient with a condition like hemolytic anemia, it is crucial to examine the red blood cells for the presence of attached antibodies. Common tests involve measuring the levels of substances within the blood, such as lipid or glucose levels, and checking the blood composition, which includes the quantities and types of formed elements.
Cross matching is a critical procedure performed to determine a patient's blood type before a transfusion. In emergency situations with severe hemorrhage, universal donor O-type blood may be used. Clinical laboratories utilize chemical assays to measure levels of metabolites in plasma, and use automated methods for counting and distinguishing blood cells. For glucose, measurements are given in terms of milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). A differential cell count helps compare the blood's cell composition to normal values, providing insights into the patient's health condition.
A blood bank technology specialist is trained in performing both routine and specialized tests which are vital for diagnosing diseases, typing blood, and ensuring safe transfusions. They also examine blood's pH and may assist in collecting blood donations. An example of blood typing in practice involves adding anti-A and anti-B antibodies to a sample; agglutination in the presence of these antibodies helps identify the ABO and Rh blood groups.