Final answer:
Safe enclosed space diving necessitates controlling buoyancy, pressure equalization, monitoring dive time, slow ascension, and potentially using decompression chambers for treating decompression sickness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Staying safe while enclosed space diving requires divers to be very aware of several factors related to the physics and physiology of diving. First, divers must manage their buoyancy to control their descent and ascent in the water column. They also need to perform pressure equalization to balance the internal and external pressure that affects their body, particularly in air-containing spaces like the ears and sinuses.
Secondly, monitoring the duration of the dive is crucial to avoid the risks of decompression sickness (DCS), often associated with the presence of pressurized gases in the diver's body. As a diver ascends, the ambient pressure decreases, making the dissolved gases in their blood less soluble potentially leading to the formation of harmful gas bubbles within their body. To prevent this, divers must ascend slowly, typically at rates of 10 or 20 meters per minute, and make decompression stops at certain depths. Should a diver still get DCS, they may require treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in a decompression chamber.