Final answer:
The Codman scissors are specialized for small area dissections in medical procedures like hand surgery, facilitated by advances in optical fiber technology. Additionally, high-voltage electricity is utilized in some surgeries, often with high-frequency AC to minimize tissue damage. Biopsies are mentioned as a surgical method for tissue analysis, frequently for cancer diagnosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The discussion involves the use of Codman scissors which are specialized surgical instruments designed for small area dissection such as that performed during hand surgery. In modern medical practice, technological advancements like optical fibers have greatly facilitated procedures like microsurgery and remote surgery, where precision is paramount due to the very small incisions made that allow surgeons to operate without physically touching the diseased tissue.
Another technological evolution mentioned is the use of high-voltage electricity to perform surgery, which involves the passage of electrical current from a metal scalpel through tissue. Electrical current tends to flow more from the sharp edges of a scalpel because electric fields are more intense at sharp points. This process usually involves high-frequency alternating current (AC) because it causes less tissue damage.
Moreover, surgical procedures such as biopsies are commonly performed to remove tissue specimens for laboratory analysis, often for cancer diagnosis. Thus, the subjects touched upon include specialized surgical instruments, the impact of technology on surgical procedures, and diagnostic surgical methods.