Final answer:
The Joint Commission, formerly known as JCAHO, is the nonprofit health organization responsible for establishing standards for hospital patient care, safety, and effectiveness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The organization that establishes standards for hospital patient care, safety, and effectiveness is The Joint Commission, which is also known by its former acronym, JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations). The Joint Commission is a nonprofit health organization that works with organizations around the world to bring down the cost of health care and increase the quality of the care given. It is different from a private hospital or a governmental agency like Health and Social Services. Its standards have a significant impact on how hospitals operate and the quality of care patients receive.